Bitumen surface microstructure evolution in subzero environments

Antarctic fish hemoglobins: evidence for adaptive evolution at subzero temperature.

Notothenioids represent a large group of marine teleosts that are mostly endemic to the Antarctic Ocean. In this environment, the low metabolic demand and the high oxygen concentration reduce the need for hemoglobin(s) [Hb(s)]. The extreme condition is represented by the icefish (Channichthyidae, Notothenioidei), the only vertebrates that lack Hb. We obtained the nucleotide sequence coding for ...

Evolution of Microstructure in Porous

We study the ow of two immiscible uids of diierent density and mobility in a porous medium. If the heavier phase lies above the lighter one, the interface is observed to be unstable. The two phases start to mix on a mesoscopic scale and the mixing zone grows in time | an example of evolution of microstructure. A simple set of assumptions on the physics of this two{phase ow in a porous medium le...

Microstructure Evolution in Damascene Interconnects

We have developed a 3-dimensional computer simulation tool to study the characteristics of microstructure evolution in damascene interconnects. This tool is based on the Monte Carlo method, and the characteristics of the microstructure evolution have a significant impact on the interconnect reliability. Our simulation results show that it may not be possible to obtain a bamboo microstructure th...

Evolution of Microstructure

Evolution of Microstructure: An Example